Lancelets belong to which subphylum?

• A. Urochordata
• B. Cephalochordata
• C. Vertebrata
• D. Hemichordata

Answer: (B)

Lancelets are classic examples of cephalochordates, a basal group within the subphylum Cephalochordata. They retain the defining chordate features throughout life, including a notochord that extends the length of the body, a hollow dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal slits for feeding, and a post-anal tail. They lack a true vertebral column or cranium, which sets them apart from vertebrates. Tunicates (the other chordate group often confused with chordates) resemble chordates only in their larval stage and become simpler as adults, placing them in a different subphylum. Hemichordata are a distinct lineage that shares some features but lacks a true notochord and dorsal nerve cord. So, lancelets belong to cephalochordata.